The Significant Role and Empowerment of the Informal Sector in Waste Diversion

 I. The Significant Role and Empowerment of the Informal Sector in Waste Diversion

Waste management has become an ever more pressing concern globally, and within the context of Metro Manila, the challenge is compounded by its dense population and urban dynamics. The endeavor to achieve waste diversion targets, as mandated by Rule VII, Section 7 of the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of RA 9003, has revealed the pivotal role played by the informal sector in the recovery and recycling of materials. As we explore the dynamics of waste diversion in Metro Manila, it becomes evident that the empowerment of the informal sector is not only significant but holds the potential for skilled labor in proposed facilities aimed at enhancing recovery efforts.

Waste Diversion Overview: The waste diversion strategy outlined in RA 9003 aims to reduce the amount of solid waste deposited into disposal facilities. The focus is on the 3Rs: reduce, reuse, and recycle recyclables, coupled with composting of biodegradables. The progression from a 25 percent diversion target in 2006 to subsequent progressive increases underscores the urgency of effective waste management.

Four Levels of Sorting and Recovery: In the intricate process of waste diversion in Metro Manila, recyclables traverse four distinct levels before reaching junkshops or consolidators. These levels include recovery at the source (Level 1), Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) and Materials Recovery Systems (MRS) of barangays and drop-off points for collection (Level 2), collection vehicles of LGU-managed fleets (Level 3), and finally, disposal sites (Level 4). Despite this systematic approach, the incomplete recovery, particularly at Level 2, emphasizes the gaps in the existing waste management infrastructure.

Role of the Informal Sector: A significant revelation from the 2008 JICA study and subsequent observations is the crucial role of the informal sector in the recovery of recyclables. Driven by financial gains, often small but meaningful, informal waste pickers and collectors actively contribute to the recovery process. This sector becomes particularly indispensable in addressing the challenges posed by Single-Use Plastics (SUPs), which have limited market value and low density.

Potential for Skilled Labor in Proposed Facilities: The informal sector, with its hands-on experience and resourcefulness, emerges as a potential source of skilled labor for proposed waste recovery facilities. While these facilities aim to increase the recovery of plastics and other recyclables, the knowledge and skills possessed by the informal sector can be harnessed for more efficient and organized recovery processes. Empowering this sector with training and support can elevate their contributions to a more formal and structured waste management system.

Challenges in Waste Segregation and Recovery: Despite the significant role of the informal sector, challenges persist in waste segregation and the recovery process. Limited segregation at the source affects the quality of recyclables recovered. The preference for higher-value plastics, such as PET, PP, and HDPE, over lower-value plastics exacerbates the difficulty of managing SUPs effectively.

Towards an Efficient and Sustainable Waste Diversion System: Addressing the challenges in waste segregation and improving recovery methods are imperative for creating a more efficient and sustainable waste diversion system. This involves targeted interventions, community education, and collaboration among stakeholders to optimize the recovery process and minimize the environmental impact of unmanaged waste.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the significant role and empowerment of the informal sector are pivotal aspects of the waste diversion strategy in Metro Manila. The potential for skilled labor from this sector in proposed facilities underscores the need to acknowledge and integrate their expertise into formal waste management structures. By addressing existing challenges and embracing the valuable contributions of the informal sector, Metro Manila can move towards a more efficient, sustainable, and inclusive waste diversion system.

II. Mitigating Risks in the Empowerment of the Informal Sector for Waste Diversion in Metro Manila

While the empowerment of the informal sector holds immense potential for enhancing waste recovery efforts in Metro Manila, certain risks and challenges must be addressed to ensure the effectiveness of the strategy. The proposed mitigation strategy focuses on minimizing these risks to create a more robust and sustainable waste diversion system.

1. Risk: Incomplete Recovery at Level 2

   • Mitigation Strategy: Strengthen the Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) and Materials Recovery Systems (MRS) at the barangay level (Level 2) to improve the efficiency of waste segregation. This involves providing additional training and resources to MRF workers, enhancing infrastructure, and implementing stricter monitoring mechanisms.

2. Risk: Limited Segregation at Source

   • Mitigation Strategy: Launch targeted community education programs to promote waste segregation at the source. Collaborate with local government units (LGUs) to implement awareness campaigns, emphasizing the economic and environmental benefits of proper waste sorting. Incentivize households and businesses to actively participate in segregation practices.

3. Risk: Quality of Recovered Recyclables

   • Mitigation Strategy: Implement stricter guidelines for waste segregation at each level of the recovery process. Conduct regular training sessions for informal waste pickers to enhance their sorting skills and emphasize the importance of recovering high-quality recyclables. Introduce incentives for compliance with quality standards.

4. Risk: Environmental Impact of Unmanaged Waste

   • Mitigation Strategy: Strengthen collaboration between LGUs, NGOs, and the informal sector to implement comprehensive waste management initiatives. Focus on improving recovery methods and reducing the environmental impact of unmanaged waste. Introduce community-based cleanup programs to address areas with high waste density.

5. Risk: Exclusivity in the Recovery of Higher-Value Plastics

   • Mitigation Strategy: Encourage the diversification of recyclables recovered by promoting the recovery of lower-value plastics and SUPs. Implement pricing incentives that consider the environmental impact of different materials, ensuring that informal waste pickers are motivated to recover a broad spectrum of recyclables.

6. Risk: Lack of Formal Integration of Informal Sector

   • Mitigation Strategy: Develop formal partnerships between proposed waste recovery facilities and the informal sector. Provide training programs to equip informal waste pickers with the necessary skills for organized recovery processes. Establish channels for direct communication and collaboration between formal waste management entities and the informal sector.

7. Risk: Resistance to Change

   • Mitigation Strategy: Foster a sense of ownership and pride within the informal sector by recognizing their vital role in waste diversion. Collaborate with community leaders and influencers to build support for waste management initiatives. Provide ongoing support and incentives to ensure the sustained engagement of informal waste pickers.

By implementing these mitigation strategies, Metro Manila and/or the Philippine Government can navigate the challenges associated with the empowerment of the informal sector in waste diversion effectively. This approach ensures a more resilient and sustainable waste management system that maximizes the potential of the informal sector while minimizing associated risks.

About the Author:

The author is an experienced professional specializing in the audit of Environmental Management Systems and Quality Management Systems. Holding an MBA degree, possessing skills as a Six Sigma Practitioner, and with a background as a statistician and active Planning Officer, the author combines a wealth of expertise.

Disclaimer:

  It is crucial to note that the author of this document does not accept any responsibility or indemnification for any actions taken as a result of the information contained herein. The content is designed to function as a theoretical example showcasing the recommended approaches for minimizing risks, as specified by the author.  Any practical application of the concepts discussed in this blog should be carried out under the supervision of qualified professionals who can tailor the guidance to the specific circumstances of a real organization. It is strongly recommended that organizations and individuals should seek professional expertise to assess and manage risks effectively.